Supplementary Material for the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report

The 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee completed a series of systematic literature searches to answer 38 questions and 104 subquestions. For those interested in the methodology of the search and process to identify included articles in specific questions, the details can be found in the supplementary materials below.

• Chapter 1. Physical Activity Behaviors: Steps, Bouts, and High Intensity Training
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between step count per day and (1) all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, and (2) incidence of cardiovascular disease events and type 2 diabetes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, Steps [PDF - 1 MB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between bout duration of physical activity and health outcomes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, Bouts [PDF - 1.1 MB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between high intensity interval training and reduction in cardiometabolic risk?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, High Intensity Interval Training [PDF - 689 KB]
• Chapter 2. Sedentary Behavior
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and all-cause mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Sedentary Subcommittee, All-Cause Mortality [PDF - 1.2 MB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-1 [PDF - 584 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-2 [PDF - 655 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-3 [PDF - 679 KB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Sedentary Subcommittee, CVD Mortality [PDF - 980 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-4 [PDF - 566 KB] 
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-5 [PDF - 602 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-6 [PDF - 600 KB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and cancer mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Sedentary Subcommittee, Cancer Mortality [PDF - 956 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-7 [PDF - 570 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-8 [PDF - 597 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-9 [PDF - 597 KB]
  • Question 4. What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and (1) type 2 diabetes, (2) weight status, (3) cardiovascular disease, and (4) cancer?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Sedentary Subcommittee, Incidence [PDF - 1.5 MB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-10 [PDF - 719 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F2-11 [PDF - 847 KB]
  • Question 5. Does the effect of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on all-cause mortality vary by amount of sedentary behavior?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Sedentary Subcommittee, Activity [PDF - 873 KB]
• Chapter 3. Brain Health
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and cognition?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Brain Health Subcommittee, Cognition [PDF - 1.6 MB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between physical activity and quality of life?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Brain Health Subcommittee, Quality of Life [PDF - 1.9 MB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between physical activity and (1) affect, (2) anxiety, and (3) depressed mood and depression?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Brain Health Subcommittee, Incidence [PDF - 1.4 MB]
  • Question 4. What is the relationship between physical activity and sleep?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Brain Health Subcommittee, Sleep [PDF - 974 KB]
• Chapter 4. Cancer Prevention
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and specific cancer incidence?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Cancer Subcommittee, Incidence [PDF - 1.2 MB]
• Chapter 5. Cardiometabolic Health and Prevention of Weight Gain
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and prevention of weight gain?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Cardiometabolic Health and Weight Management Subcommittee, Weight Status [PDF - 972 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F5-1 [PDF - 815 KB]
  • Question 2. In people with normal blood pressure or prehypertension, what is the relationship between physical activity and blood pressure?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Cardiometabolic Health and Weight Management Subcommittee, Blood Pressure [PDF - 979 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F5-2 [PDF - 614 KB]
  • Question 3. In adults without diabetes, what is the relationship between physical activity and type 2 diabetes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Cardiometabolic Health and Weight Management Subcommittee, Type 2 Diabetes [PDF - 1.1 MB]
• Chapter 6. All-cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Mortality, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and all-cause mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, All-Cause Mortality [PDF - 820 KB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, CVD Mortality [PDF - 798 KB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease incidence?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Exposure Subcommittee, CVD Incidence [PDF - 894 KB]
• Chapter 7. Youth
  • Question 1. In children younger than age 6 years, is physical activity related to health outcomes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Youth Subcommittee, Under 6 [PDF - 1.7 MB]
  • Question 2. In children and adolescents, is physical activity related to health outcomes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Youth Subcommittee, Children and Adolescents [PDF - 1.4 MB]
  • Question 3. In children and adolescents, is sedentary behavior related to health outcomes?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Youth Subcommittee, Sedentary Behavior [PDF - 1.2 MB]
• Chapter 8. Women Who are Pregnant or Postpartum
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and weight gain during pregnancy and weight loss during postpartum?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Pregnancy and Postpartum Work Group, Weight Status [PDF - 904 KB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Pregnancy and Postpartum Work Group, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus [PDF - 884 KB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of (1) preeclampsia and (2) hypertensive disorders during pregnancy?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Pregnancy and Postpartum Work Group, Preeclampsia and Eclampsia [PDF - 830 KB]
  • Question 4. What is the relationship between physical activity and (1) affect, (2) anxiety, and (3) depression during pregnancy and postpartum (up to one year)?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Pregnancy and Postpartum Work Group, Incidence [PDF - 793 KB]
• Chapter 9. Older Adults
  • Question 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and risk of injury due to a fall?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Aging Subcommittee, Risk of Injury [PDF - 915 KB]
  • Question 2. What is the relationship between physical activity and physical function among the general aging population?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Aging Subcommittee, Physical Function [PDF - 1.5 MB]
  • Question 3. What is the relationship between physical activity and physical function in older adults with selected chronic conditions?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Aging Subcommittee, Physical Function and Chronic Conditions [PDF - 1.8 MB]
• Chapter 10. Individuals with Chronic Conditions
  • Question 1. Among cancer survivors, what is the relationship between physical activity and (1) all-cause mortality, (2) cancer-specific mortality, or (3) risk of cancer recurrence or second primary cancer?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Cancer [PDF - 993 KB]
  • Question 2. In individuals with osteoarthritis, what is the relationship between physical activity and (1) risk of co-morbid conditions, (2) physical function, (3) health-related quality of life, (4) pain, and (5) disease progression?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Osteoarthritis [PDF - 1.1 MB]
  • Question 3: In people with the cardiovascular condition of hypertension, what is the relationship between physical activity and (1) risk of co-morbid conditions, (2) physical function, (3) health-related quality of life, and (4) cardiovascular disease progression and mortality?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Hypertension [PDF - 938 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F10-1 [PDF - 518 KB]
    • Supplementary Table S-F10-2 [PDF - 727 KB]
  • Question 4. In people with type 2 diabetes, what is the relationship between physical activity and (1) risk of co-morbid conditions, (2) physical function, (3) health-related quality of life, and (4) disease progression?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Type 2 Diabetes [PDF - 1.6 MB]
  • Question 5. In people with multiple sclerosis, what is the relationship between physical activity and: 1) risk of co-morbid conditions, 2) physical function, and 3) health-related quality of life?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Multiple Sclerosis [PDF - 873 KB]
  • Question 6. In people with spinal cord injury, what is the relationship between physical activity and (1) risk of co-morbid conditions, (2) physical function, and (3) health-related quality of life?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Spinal Cord Injury [PDF - 925 KB]
  • Question 7. In people with intellectual disabilities, what is the relationship between physical activity and: (1) risk of co-morbid conditions, (2) physical function, and (3) health-related quality of life?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Chronic Conditions Subcommittee, Intellectual Disabilities [PDF - 866 KB]
• Chapter 11. Promoting Regular Physical Activity
  • Question 1. What interventions are effective for increasing physical activity at different levels of impact?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Physical Activity Promotion Subcommittee, Individual [PDF - 1.5 MB]
    • Evidence Portfolio, Physical Activity Promotion Subcommittee, Community [PDF - 1.8 MB]
    • Evidence Portfolio, Physical Activity Promotion Subcommittee, Communication Environment [PDF - 1.6 MB]
    • Evidence Portfolio, Physical Activity Promotion Subcommittee, Physical Environment & Policy [PDF - 1.4 MB]
  • Question 2. What interventions are effective for reducing sedentary behavior?
    • Evidence Portfolio, Physical Activity Promotion Subcommittee, Sedentary Behavior [PDF - 1.4 MB]